Perched majestically on the border between Uganda and Kenya, Mount Elgon National Park is a haven for nature enthusiasts and adventurers alike. This ancient extinct volcano, with its sprawling caldera, is one of East Africa’s oldest and largest, offering a stunning backdrop of rugged landscapes, lush forests, and cascading waterfalls.
The park is a biodiversity hotspot, home to a myriad of flora and fauna, including unique plant species, vibrant birdlife, and elusive wildlife. Whether you’re scaling the heights of Wagagai Peak, exploring the mystical caves, or marveling at the beauty of Sipi Falls, Mount Elgon National Park promises an unforgettable journey through some of Uganda’s most captivating scenery.
Bird watching at Mount Elgon National Park
Bird watching in Mount Elgon National Park is a unique and rewarding experience due to its diverse ecosystems and rich avian biodiversity. The park’s varying altitudes, from montane forests to moorlands, support over 300 bird species, including rare and endemic birds like the Jackson’s Francolin and Lammergeyer. The stunning landscapes, coupled with the presence of unique plant species, create an ideal habitat for a wide range of birds, making each bird watching excursion a discovery-filled adventure. Additionally, the serene beauty of Sipi Falls and the expertise of local guides enhance the experience, offering birders an immersive and unforgettable journey through one of Uganda’s most enchanting natural settings.
Birding Trails in Mount Elgon National Park
Mount Elgon National Park offers several spectacular birding trails, each providing unique opportunities to spot a variety of bird species amidst stunning landscapes. Here are some of the top birding trails in the park:
Kapkwai Forest Exploration Centre Trails
- These trails are located near the park headquarters and are ideal for exploring the dense montane forests. They offer excellent opportunities to see birds like the Hartlaub’s Turaco, African Goshawk, Black-collared Apalis, and Tacazze Sunbird.
Chebonet Trail
- This trail leads through the montane forest and bamboo zones, providing a chance to see a wide range of forest and high-altitude birds such as the Jackson’s Francolin, Rwenzori Turaco, and Alpine Chat.
Sipi Falls Trail
- This scenic trail offers stunning views of the famous Sipi Falls while providing excellent bird watching opportunities. Look for species like the Eastern Bronze-napped Pigeon, Little Rock Thrush, and various sunbirds.
Tutum Cave Trail
- This trail takes you to the Tutum Cave, passing through diverse habitats that are home to a variety of birds. Common sightings include the Northern Anteater Chat, Hartlaub’s Turaco, and various weavers.
Piswa Trail
- Leading to the summit of Wagagai Peak, this trail offers high-altitude bird watching opportunities. Keep an eye out for the Moorland Francolin, Lammergeier (Bearded Vulture), and White-starred Robin.
Sasa River Trail
- This trail follows the Sasa River, providing access to lush forest areas and riverine habitats where you can spot birds such as the White-headed Wood-hoopoe, African Hill Babbler, and Yellow-billed Barbet.
Bird Species in Mount Elgon National Park
Some of the notable species that birdwatchers seek include:
- The Black-collared Apalis: This brightly colored, elusive bird is one of the park’s top attractions. It can be spotted at higher elevations, often in the forested areas around the slopes of Mount Elgon.
- African Goshawk: This bird of prey is often seen soaring above the forest canopy.
- Hartlaub’s Turaco: Known for its striking plumage and distinctive calls, the Hartlaub’s Turaco is a favorite among birders.
- Tacazze Sunbird: With its iridescent feathers, this sunbird is a dazzling sight in the montane forests.
- Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon: This beautiful pigeon inhabits the higher elevations of the park.
- Jackson’s Francolin: Found in the moorland zones, this francolin is a highlight for birdwatchers.
- Lammergeyer : found high above mount Elgon cliffs and peaks
Others to look out for include; Cape Robin-Chat, Blue-shouldered Robin-Chat, Little Rock-Thrush, Northern Anteater Chat, Nightingale, Spotted Morning-Thrush, Mountain Yellow Warbler, African Reed Warbler, Little Rush Warbler, Upcher’s Warbler, Blackcap, Common Whitethroat, Common Chiffchaff, the Uganda and Brown Woodland Warblers, Green Hylia, White-browed Crombec, Yellow-bellied Hyliota, the Stout,Black shouldered kite, Thrilling, and Rattling Cisticolas. Chances of seeing the Banded Prinia, Chestnut-throated Apalis, Northern Double-collared Sunbird, Grey-headed Sunbird, Yellow-billed Shrike, Ludher’s Bush-shrike, Cape Rock, Fan-tailed and White-napped Raven, Chestnut Sparrow, Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver, White-headed Buffaloe-Weaver and many more are very high.
Other Activities in Mount Elgon National Park
Hiking and Trekking
Mount Elgon offers a range of hiking and trekking trails that cater to different levels of fitness and experience. The ultimate challenge is reaching the Wagagai Peak, the highest point at 4,321 meters. The trek takes you through diverse landscapes, including bamboo forests, heathland, and moorlands. Hikers are rewarded with stunning views, unique flora, and encounters with wildlife. The Sipi Falls trail is a popular route that offers breathtaking views of the falls and the surrounding countryside.
Caving
The park is home to several ancient caves, such as the Kapkwai Caves and the Tutum Cave, which were formed by volcanic activity. These caves have cultural and historical significance and were once used by local communities as shelters and ceremonial sites. Guided tours of the caves provide an exciting exploration opportunity and insights into the park’s geological history.
Nature Walks
For those who prefer a more relaxed pace, guided nature walks offer an excellent way to explore the park’s diverse flora and fauna. The trails meander through lush forests, open grasslands, and along riverbanks, providing ample opportunities for wildlife spotting. Nature walks are a great way to learn about the park’s unique ecosystem, medicinal plants, and the traditional uses of various plant species by local communities.
Cultural Encounters
The park is surrounded by communities of the Bagisu and Sabiny people, who have rich cultural traditions and histories. Cultural tours offer visitors a chance to engage with these communities and learn about their way of life. Activities include traditional dance performances, visiting local markets, and participating in cultural ceremonies, providing a deeper understanding of the local culture.
Mountain Biking
For adventure seekers, mountain biking trails offer an exhilarating way to explore the park’s rugged terrain. The trails vary in difficulty, catering to both beginners and experienced cyclists. Biking through the scenic landscapes, past waterfalls and through forests, offers an unforgettable adventure.
Best Time for Birding in Mount Elgon National Park
The best time for bird watching in Mount Elgon National Park is during the dry seasons, from June to August and December to February. During these months, the weather is more stable, and birds are more active and visible as they search for food and water. Additionally, the lack of rain makes trails and roads more accessible, enhancing your overall bird watching experience.
How to Get to Mount Elgon National Park
Getting to Mount Elgon National Park is relatively straightforward, whether you’re traveling by air or road
By Air:
From Entebbe, you can take a domestic flight to Mbale Airport or Soroti Airport, which are closer to the park.
By Road:
The park is about 235 kilometers east of Kampala. You can drive via the tarmac road through Jinja to Mbale, which takes approximately 5-7 hours.
Where to Stay in Mount Elgon National Park
Mount Elgon National Park offers a range of accommodation options to suit different preferences and budgets:
- Sipi River Lodge: Located near Sipi Falls, this lodge offers cottages with en-suite bathrooms and beautiful views.
- Noah’s Ark Hotels: Situated on the slopes of Mount Elgon, this hotel offers a range of accommodations from budget to luxury.
- Masha Hotel: Located in Kapchorwa, this hotel offers clean and well-ventilated rooms at affordable rates.
- Kapkwai Forest Exploration Centre: Offers simple camping sites with tents available for rent.
Conclusion
Mount Elgon National Park is a treasure trove of biodiversity, adventure, and beauty. Whether you’re drawn to the park’s incredible birdlife, its challenging hiking trails, or its rich cultural experiences, there’s something here for every traveler. Birdwatchers in particular will be enchanted by the variety of species found in this tranquil and pristine environment, making it an essential destination for anyone looking to explore Uganda’s natural wonders.